The Usage of the Harmony Search Algorithm for the Optimal Design Problem of Reinforced Concrete Retaining Walls

In this paper, the Harmony Search (HS) algorithm is utilized to perform single and multivariate parametric studies acquire optimization of both size cost reinforced concrete (RC) retaining walls embedded in pure frictional soils. The geotechnical properties backfill foundation soil such as shear strength angle, unit weight, ultimate bearing pressure have been used create different cases for evaluating effects site on wall. change depth excavation surcharge loading condition fictionalized generating environmental conditions all envisaged profiles predict possible rates influences. has also evaluated a variant show economic constraints selection structural materials. results analyses represent integrated influences significant parameters achievement minimum cost-dimension optimization. Besides, well-known commercial engineering software compare appropriateness suggested designs terms attainment stability requirements. Consequently, study can guide researchers designers select proper optimal sections RC-retaining wall systems with simultaneous that are influenced by design process. Furthermore, indicate reduction may be achieved when compared traditional pre-design method.